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آرشیو :
نسخه بهار 1402
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کد پذیرش :
1348
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موضوع :
سایر شاخه ها
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نویسنده/گان :
| محمد کریمی، هادی جابری
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زبان :
فارسی
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نوع مقاله :
پژوهشی
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چکیده مقاله به فارسی :
زمینه و هدف: با توجه به بالا بودن شیوع و شروع مصرف سیگار در دوران دبیرستان و نقشی که آگاهی و ادراکات فرد روی رفتار آنها دارد، این پژوهش با هدف تعیین تاثیر آموزش پیشگیری از اعتیاد از طریق مدل اعتقاد به سلامتی بر آگاهی و ادراکات دانش آموزان دختر و پسر پایه اول دبیرستان¬های استان ایلام انجام شد.
مواد و روش ها: این مطالعه نیمه تجربی از نوع قبل و بعد (Before and after) بود. از ۱۰ مدرسه دخترانه و پسرانه استان ایلام به روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای چند مرحله ای، ۳۸۷ دانش آموز انتخاب و داده ها طی دو مرحله، آزمون اولیه قبل از آموزش و آزمون ثانویه بعد از آموزش با پرسشنامه سؤالات فردی، آگاهی و ادراکات گردآوری، مقایسه و تجزیه و تحلیل شد. آموزش براساس نتایج تکمیل اولیه پرسشنامه و سازه های مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی طراحی و اجرا شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آزمون های t زوج و مستقل، مجذور کا، آنالیز واریانس (ANOVA) و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون استفاده شد.
یافته ها: مقایسه میانگین نمرات آگاهی و ادركات (موانع، منافع، حساسیت و شدت) قبل و بعد از مداخله آموزشی تفاوت معنی دار نشان داد (0001/0 p<). ضریب همبستگی پیرسون بین آگاهی و ادراکات کل قبل و بعد از آموزش همبستگی مثبت (31/0=r، 0001/0 p<) نشان داد. بعد از مداخله بین آگاهی دانش آموزان و تحصیلات پدر( 01/0 p<) تحصیلات مادر (02/0>p)، شغل پدر (01/0>p) و نوع مدرسه (0001/0>p)، بین موانع درک شده و تحصیلات مادر (02/0>p)، سابقه مصرف مواد اعتیاد آور در خانواده ( 01/0>p)، بین منافع درک شده و نوع مدرسه (01/0>p)، بین حساسیت درک شده و نوع مدرسه (04/0>p) و بین شدت درک شده و نوع مدرسه (02/0>p) ارتباط معنادار مشاهده شد. نتیجه گیری: آموزش از طریق مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی با هدف پیشگیری از سوء مصرف مواد می تواند باعث ارتقاء آگاهی، ایجاد ادراکات مثبت در افراد شود و در پیشگیری اولیه از سوء مصرف موادمخدر، یک استراتژی با هزینه الث بخش خوب است.
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لیست منابع :
[1] Kaplan and Sadock’s. Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences Clinical Psychiatry. Translated by: Afkari N. Tehran, Iran: Sharab Publication; 10th Ed; 2010; P583-85 [in Persian].
[2] Nikho M. Avadysyans. H DSM-IV-TR Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Text Revised. Tehran, Iran: Elmi Publication; 6th Ed; 2012; P307 [in Persian].
[3] United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). World Drug Report 2010, United Nations Publications, Sales No. E.10.XI.13. Vienna, Austria: UNDOC; 2010.
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[5] National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA). Preventing drug use among children and adolescents- a research based guide for parents, educators and community leaders. 2nd ed. Bethesda, Maryland, USA: NIDA; 2010.
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[8] Cuij pers pim, and et al. the effects of drug abuse prevention at school: the’ healthy schoolAnddrugs’ project, 1: Addiction- 2002, Jan; 97(1): 67-73.
[9] Saffari M, Shojaeizadeh D. Health education and promotion theories, models and methods. Tehran, Iran: Sobhan Publication; 2010: 50, 53, 64 [in Persian].
[10] Masoudnia MH, Solhi M, Beizaee G. Effect of education on knowledge and attitudes of high school students about the dangers of smoking in Yazd. TolooeBehdasht. 2003; 2(4):26 [in Persian]
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کلمات کلیدی به فارسی :
آگاهی، ادراکات، پیشگیری از اعتیاد، مدل اعتقاد بهداشتی، دانش آموزان.
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چکیده مقاله به انگلیسی :
Background and purpose: Considering the high prevalence and initiation of smoking during high school and the role that a person's awareness and perceptions have on their behavior, this research aims to determine the impact of addiction prevention education through the health belief model on awareness and knowledge perceptions. It was conducted for male and female students of the first grade of high schools in Ilam province.
Materials and methods: This was a semi-experimental before and after study. From 10 girls' and boys' schools in Ilam province, using multi-stage cluster sampling, 387 students were selected and data were collected in two stages, the primary test before training and the secondary test after training with a questionnaire of individual questions, awareness and perceptions. compared and analyzed. The training was designed and implemented based on the results of the initial completion of the questionnaire and the constructs of the health belief model. To analyze the data, paired and independent t-tests, chi-square, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used.
Findings: Comparing the average scores of Wadrecott awareness (barriers, benefits, sensitivity and severity) before and after the educational intervention showed a significant difference (p<0.0001). Pearson's correlation coefficient showed a positive correlation between knowledge and overall perceptions before and after training (r=0.31, p<0.0001). After the intervention between students' knowledge and father's education (p<0.01), mother's education (p<0.02), father's occupation (p<0.01) and school type (p<0.0001), between the perceived barriers and mother's education (p<0.02), history of drug use in the family (p<0.01), between perceived benefits and school type (p<0.01), between perceived sensitivity and school type (04 p < 0.00) and a significant relationship was observed between the perceived severity and the type of school (p < 0.02). Conclusion: Education through the health belief model with the aim of preventing drug abuse can increase awareness and create positive perceptions. It is a good cost-effective strategy in the primary prevention of drug abuse.
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کلمات کلیدی به انگلیسی :
awareness, perceptions, addiction prevention, health belief model, students
- صفحات : 103-110
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